Understanding The Stages Of Gum Disease
Gum disease affects more than half of all adults in the United States, according to the International Journal of Health Sciences. It progresses through stages that become increasingly difficult to reverse and is a major cause of tooth loss. Understanding each stage—from early gingivitis to advanced periodontitis—can help you recognize symptoms early and seek timely treatment.
Gum Disease Stages
Periodontal disease, often known as gum disease, results from bacteria accumulating between the gums and teeth when plaque hardens into tartar. The stages of gum disease include the following.
Gingivitis
- Gingivitis is the earliest stage of gum disease. Plaque and tartar buildup over the gums and teeth allow bacteria to infect the gums over time. Indications include gum sensitivity, pain, discoloration, and bleeding during brushing or flossing. Persistent bad breath (halitosis) after brushing and using mouthwash also signals bacterial accumulation.
- Unlike the subsequent phases, gingivitis is reversible. If treated promptly with a professional cleaning and improved oral hygiene, the gums can return to a healthy state without permanent damage.
Periodontitis
- In periodontitis, the infection has advanced beyond the point of reversibility. Bacteria attack gum tissue and the underlying bone that supports the teeth, causing irreversible tissue loss.
- Symptoms include soft, “spongy” gums, gum recession (making teeth appear longer), very sore gums, and discomfort while biting. Although periodontitis cannot be reversed, proper periodontal cleanings and diligent home care can halt progression and preserve remaining healthy structures.
Advanced Periodontitis
- Advanced periodontitis is the most severe stage. By this point, irreversible damage to gums and bone has occurred due to chronic infection.
- Symptoms include shifting or loose teeth, pus accumulating between gums and teeth, a persistent bad taste, severe pain when chewing, and potential tooth loss. While some surgical interventions can preserve teeth in rare cases, most patients will require extractions and prosthetic replacements to restore function.
How To Prevent Gum Disease
- Maintaining excellent oral hygiene is key to preventing gum disease. This involves brushing twice daily, flossing daily, and visiting the dentist every six months for exams and cleanings.
- If gingivitis develops, a professional cleaning can reverse the condition entirely. After treatment, some individuals—particularly those prone to periodontal disease—may need cleanings every three to four months to control bacterial levels. Your dentist or hygienist can demonstrate effective brushing and flossing techniques and recommend a personalized routine.
Book An Appointment With The Dentist Immediately
Early intervention is crucial in managing gum disease. At any sign of gum discomfort, bleeding, or persistent bad breath, schedule a dental visit right away to prevent irreversible damage. Request an appointment online at https://desertbloomdentistry.com/ or call Desert Bloom Dentistry at (928) 428-1617 for our Safford office.
